Gabriel Georges Nahas of Columbia University and later New York University, born 1920, is a retired anesthesiologist and former active member of the French Resistance who conducted numerous studies on illicit drugs. His wartime experiences as a member of the French resistance, for which he was awarded the Légion d'honneur by Charles de Gaulle, spurred his lifelong crusade against the dangers of addictive disease. His work was instrumental in establishing the alleged harms associated with cannabis, with methods increasingly hyperbolic, such as suffocating monkeys for roughly 5 minutes at a time in volumes of smoke far greater than what the average person would consume in proportion. His research has been challenged by a large number of opponents. One being Dr. Miles Herkenham whose team disproved Nahas' long battling theory arguing that cannabis affects the middle-brain.[1] Nahas also argued against the use of cocaine for experimental purposes in human subjects.[2]